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Basically, radiant heating was used about 2,000 years ago in ancient Rome. They used it in bathhouses and palaces. The Romans had buildings designed with furnace chambers underneath. Then, the fire and the exhaust from those furnace chambers was ducted and vented under the floors through different areas. Those vents would heat the floor with air - not with water, but, with the hot flue gases as they escaped from that heating area. The big problem was it had to be part of the building design and the only people who could afford it were emperors. The masses could not enjoy that, at least not in their own homes. Because it was so impractical, radiant heating really did not get used a lot until the past century. Hydronic radiant heating, which is a water-based heating system, was used in the early 1900s in Europe. They started using iron pipe hydronic systems and that grew a lot in popularity. But the problem with using iron pipe and any kind of ferrous metal and water together was that the pipes would rust. Radiant heating started gaining more exposure probably in the late 1940s in the US, because of a well-known architect named Frank Lloyd Wright, who used radiant heating in some of his designs. He used steel or copper piping and the problem with some of those pipes is that they would fail within a person's lifetime due to either rust and corrosion, or metal fatigue. So - systems like that, although they were comfortable, could fail within 20 years, and that is just too soon to be considered practical. So, hydronic heating kind of fell out of favor because of failures in the technology. Over the past 40 years though, with plastics, better pump technologies, better fuel choices, and higher efficiency boilers and heat sources having been developed, hydronic heating made a pretty rapid comeback. In fact, growth in radiant heating, particularly in the US, in the last 10 years has been 100 to 200 percent a year. So, it has really increased. It is still not a big segment of the market. Over 80 percent of the houses built today still have forced-air heating, but radiant is definitely making a dent in the market. Almost half the houses in Europe get radiant heating of some kind.
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